N-2 - $ / shares |
3 Months Ended | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Mar. 31, 2024 |
Dec. 31, 2023 |
Mar. 31, 2023 |
Dec. 31, 2022 |
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| Cover [Abstract] | ||||
| Entity Central Index Key | 0001396440 | |||
| Amendment Flag | false | |||
| Securities Act File Number | 001-33723 | |||
| Document Type | 10-Q | |||
| Entity Registrant Name | Main Street Capital Corporation | |||
| Entity Address, Address Line One | 1300 Post Oak Boulevard | |||
| Entity Address, Address Line Two | 8th Floor | |||
| Entity Address, City or Town | Houston | |||
| Entity Address, State or Province | TX | |||
| Entity Address, Postal Zip Code | 77056 | |||
| City Area Code | 713 | |||
| Local Phone Number | 350-6000 | |||
| Entity Emerging Growth Company | false | |||
| General Description of Registrant [Abstract] | ||||
| Investment Objectives and Practices [Text Block] |
OVERVIEW OF OUR BUSINESS
Our principal investment objective is to maximize our portfolio’s total return by generating current income from our debt investments and current income and capital appreciation from our equity and equity-related investments, including warrants, convertible securities and other rights to acquire equity securities in a portfolio company. We seek to achieve our investment objective through our LMM and Private Loan (as defined below) investment strategies. Our LMM investment strategy involves investments in companies that generally have annual revenues between $10 million and $150 million and our LMM portfolio investments generally range in size from $5 million to $100 million. Our private loan (“Private Loan”) investment strategy involves investments in companies that are generally consistent with the size of the companies in our LMM and Middle Market investment strategies, and our Private Loan investments generally range in size from $10 million to $75 million. Our Middle Market investment strategy involves investments in companies that are generally larger in size than our LMM companies, with annual revenues typically between $150 million and $1.5 billion, and our Middle Market investments generally range in size from $3 million to $25 million.
We seek to fill the financing gap for LMM businesses, which, historically, have had limited access to financing from commercial banks and other traditional sources. The underserved nature of the LMM creates the opportunity for us to meet the financing needs of LMM companies while also negotiating favorable transaction terms and equity participation. Our ability to invest across a company’s capital structure, from secured loans to equity securities, allows us to offer portfolio companies a comprehensive suite of financing options, or a “one-stop” financing solution. Providing customized, “one-stop” financing solutions is important to LMM portfolio companies. We generally seek to partner directly with entrepreneurs, management teams and business owners in making our investments. Our LMM portfolio debt investments are generally secured by a first lien on the assets of the portfolio company and typically have a term of between five and seven years from the original investment date.
Private Loan investments primarily consist of debt securities that have primarily been originated directly by us or, to a lesser extent, through our strategic relationships with other investment funds on a collaborative basis through investments that are often referred to in the debt markets as “club deals” because of the small lender group size. Our Private Loan investments are typically made to support a company owned by or in the process of being acquired by a private equity sponsor. Private Loan investments are typically similar in size, structure, terms and conditions to investments we hold in our LMM portfolio and Middle Market portfolio. Our Private Loan portfolio debt investments are generally secured by a first priority lien on the assets of the portfolio company and typically have a term of between three and seven years from the original investment date. We may also co-invest with the private equity sponsors in the equity securities of our Private Loan portfolio companies.
Our Middle Market portfolio investments primarily consist of direct investments in or secondary purchases of debt securities in privately held companies based in the United States that are generally larger in size than the companies included in our LMM portfolio and that were issued through a syndicated process. Our Middle Market portfolio debt investments are generally secured by a first priority lien on the assets of the portfolio company and typically have an expected duration of between three and seven years from the original investment date. Over the last few years, Main Street has been de-emphasizing this strategy and expects to continue to do so in the future.
Our other portfolio (“Other Portfolio”) investments primarily consist of investments that are not consistent with the typical profiles for our LMM, Private Loan or Middle Market portfolio investments, including investments which may
be managed by third parties. In our Other Portfolio, we may incur indirect fees and expenses in connection with investments managed by third parties, such as investments in other investment companies or private funds.
Subject to changes in our cash and overall liquidity, our Investment Portfolio (as defined below) may also include short-term portfolio investments that are atypical of our LMM, Private Loan and Middle Market portfolio investments in that they are intended to be a short-term deployment of capital. These assets are typically expected to be liquidated in one year or less and are not expected to be a significant portion of the overall Investment Portfolio. The “Investment Portfolio,” as used herein, refers to all of our investments in LMM companies (including both our LMM and Private Loan portfolio investments) and investments in Middle Market companies (including both our Private Loan and Middle Market portfolio investments), Other Portfolio investments, short-term portfolio investments and our investment in the External Investment Manager.
Our external asset management business is conducted through the External Investment Manager. The External Investment Manager earns management fees based on the assets of the funds under management and may earn incentive fees, or a carried interest, based on the performance of the funds managed.
Our portfolio investments are generally made through MSCC, the Taxable Subsidiaries, the Funds and the Structured Subsidiaries. MSCC, the Taxable Subsidiaries, the Funds and the Structured Subsidiaries share the same investment strategies and criteria, although they are subject to different regulatory regimes. An investor’s return in MSCC will depend, in part, on the Taxable Subsidiaries’, the Funds’ and the Structured Subsidiaries’ investment returns as they are wholly-owned subsidiaries of MSCC.
The level of new portfolio investment activity will fluctuate from period to period based upon our view of the current economic fundamentals, our ability to identify new investment opportunities that meet our investment criteria, and our ability to consummate the identified opportunities. The level of new investment activity, and associated interest and fee income, will directly impact future investment income. In addition, the level of dividends paid by portfolio companies and the portion of our portfolio debt investments on non-accrual status will directly impact future investment income. While we intend to grow our portfolio and our investment income over the long term, our growth and our operating results may be more limited during depressed economic periods. However, we intend to appropriately manage our cost structure and liquidity position based on applicable economic conditions and our investment outlook. The level of realized gains or losses and unrealized appreciation or depreciation on our investments will also fluctuate depending upon portfolio activity, economic conditions and the performance of our individual portfolio companies. The changes in realized gains and losses and unrealized appreciation or depreciation could have a material impact on our operating results.
Because we are internally managed, we do not pay any external investment advisory fees, but instead directly incur the operating costs associated with employing investment and portfolio management professionals. We believe that our internally managed structure provides us with a better alignment of interests between our management team and our employees and our shareholders and a beneficial operating expense structure when compared to other publicly traded and privately held investment firms which are externally managed, and our internally managed structure allows us the opportunity to leverage our non-interest operating expenses as we grow our Investment Portfolio and our External Investment Manager’s asset management business (as defined below). The ratio of our total operating expenses, excluding interest expense, as a percentage of our quarterly average total assets was 1.3% and 1.4% for the trailing twelve months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, and 1.3% for the year ended December 31, 2023. The ratio of our total operating expenses, including interest expense, as a percentage of our quarterly average total assets was 3.7% and 3.5% for the trailing twelve months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, and 3.7% for the year ended December 31, 2023. Our ratio of expenses as a percentage of our average net asset value is described in greater detail in Note F – Financial Highlights to the consolidated financial statements included in Item 1. Consolidated Financial Statements of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
The External Investment Manager serves as the investment adviser and administrator to MSC Income Fund, Inc. (“MSC Income”) pursuant to an Investment Advisory and Administrative Services Agreement entered into in October 2020 between the External Investment Manager and MSC Income (the “Advisory Agreement”). Under the Advisory Agreement, the External Investment Manager earns a 1.75% annual base management fee on MSC Income’s average total assets, an incentive fee equal to 20% of pre-investment fee net investment income above a specified investment return hurdle rate and a 20% incentive fee on cumulative net realized capital gains in exchange for providing advisory services to MSC Income.
Additionally, the External Investment Manager has entered into investment management agreements with MS Private Loan Fund I, LP (the “Private Loan Fund”) and MS Private Loan Fund II, LP (the “Private Loan Fund II”), each a private investment fund with a strategy to co-invest with Main Street in Private Loan portfolio investments, pursuant to which the External Investment Manager provides investment advisory and management services to each fund in exchange
for an asset-based fee and certain incentive fees. The External Investment Manager may also advise other clients, including funds and separately managed accounts, pursuant to advisory and services agreements with such clients in exchange for asset-based and incentive fees.
The External Investment Manager earns management fees based on the assets of the funds and accounts under management and may earn incentive fees, or a carried interest, based on the performance of the funds and accounts managed. For the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, the External Investment Manager earned $5.7 million and $5.5 million in base management fees, respectively, $3.9 million and $3.3 million in incentive fees, respectively, and $0.2 million of administrative service fee income for each of the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023.
We have entered into an agreement with the External Investment Manager to share employees in connection with its asset management business generally, and specifically for its relationship with MSC Income and its other clients. Through this agreement, we share employees with the External Investment Manager, including their related infrastructure, business relationships, management expertise and capital raising capabilities, and we allocate the related expenses to the External Investment Manager pursuant to the sharing agreement. Our total expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 are net of expenses allocated to the External Investment Manager of $5.6 million and $5.0 million, respectively.
The total contribution of the External Investment Manager to our net investment income consists of the combination of the expenses allocated to the External Investment Manager and the dividend income earned from the External Investment Manager For the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, dividends paid to us by the External Investment Manager were $3.0 million and $3.1 million, respectively. For the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, the total contribution of the External Investment Manager to our net investment income was $8.6 million and $8.1 million, respectively.
We have received an exemptive order from the SEC permitting co-investments among us, MSC Income and other funds and clients advised by the External Investment Manager in certain negotiated transactions where co-investing would otherwise be prohibited under the 1940 Act. We have made co-investments with, and in the future intend to continue to make co-investments with MSC Income, the Private Loan Fund, the Private Loan Fund II and other funds and clients advised by the External Investment Manager, in accordance with the conditions of the order. The order requires, among other things, that we and the External Investment Manager consider whether each such investment opportunity is appropriate for us and the External Investment Manager’s advised clients, as applicable, and if it is appropriate, to propose an allocation of the investment opportunity between such parties. Because the External Investment Manager may receive performance-based fee compensation from funds and clients advised by the External Investment Manager, this may provide the Company and the External Investment Manager an incentive to allocate opportunities to other participating funds and clients instead of us. However, both we and the External Investment Manager have policies and procedures in place to manage this conflict, including oversight by the independent members of our Board of Directors. In addition to the co-investment program described above, we also co-invest in syndicated deals and other transactions where price is the only negotiated point by us and our affiliates.
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| Risk Factors [Table Text Block] |
Risk Factors You should carefully consider the risks described below and all other information contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, including our interim consolidated financial statements and the related notes thereto, before making a decision to purchase our securities. The risks and uncertainties described below are not the only ones facing us. Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or that we currently deem to be immaterial also may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and/or operating results, as well as the market price of our securities.
In addition to the other information set forth in this report, you should carefully consider the risk factors described in Item 1A. Risk Factors in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023 that we filed with the SEC on February 23, 2024, which could materially affect our business, financial condition and/or operating results.
There are no material changes to the risk factors as previously disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023.
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| NAV Per Share | $ 29.54 | $ 29.20 | $ 27.23 | $ 26.86 |