ORGANIZATION AND BASIS OF PRESENTATION |
12 Months Ended |
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Dec. 31, 2022 | |
| Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract] | |
| ORGANIZATION AND BASIS OF PRESENTATION | ORGANIZATION AND BASIS OF PRESENTATION
1.Organization
Main Street Capital Corporation (“MSCC”) is a principal investment firm primarily focused on providing customized debt and equity financing to lower middle market (“LMM”) companies and debt capital to middle market (“Middle Market”) companies. The portfolio investments of MSCC and its consolidated subsidiaries are typically made to support management buyouts, recapitalizations, growth financings, refinancings and acquisitions of companies that operate in a variety of industry sectors. MSCC seeks to partner with entrepreneurs, business owners and management teams and generally provides “one-stop” financing alternatives within its LMM investment strategy. MSCC and its consolidated subsidiaries invest primarily in secured debt investments, equity investments, warrants and other securities of LMM companies based in the United States and in secured debt investments of Middle Market companies generally headquartered in the United States.
MSCC was formed in March 2007 to operate as an internally managed business development company (“BDC”) under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”). Because MSCC is internally managed, all of the executive officers and other employees are employed by MSCC. Therefore, MSCC does not pay any external investment advisory fees, but instead directly incurs the operating costs associated with employing investment and portfolio management professionals.
MSCC wholly owns several investment funds, including Main Street Mezzanine Fund, LP (“MSMF”) and Main Street Capital III, LP (“MSC III” and, together with MSMF, the “Funds”), and each of their general partners. The Funds are each licensed as a Small Business Investment Company (“SBIC”) by the United States Small Business Administration (“SBA”).
MSC Adviser I, LLC (the “External Investment Manager”) was formed in November 2013 as a wholly-owned subsidiary of MSCC to provide investment management and other services to parties other than MSCC and its subsidiaries (“External Parties”) and receives fee income for such services. MSCC has been granted no-action relief by the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) to allow the External Investment Manager to register as a registered investment adviser under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended. Since the External Investment Manager conducts all of its investment management activities for External Parties, it is accounted for as a portfolio investment of MSCC and is not included as a consolidated subsidiary of MSCC in MSCC’s consolidated financial statements.
MSCC has elected to be treated for U.S. federal income tax purposes as a regulated investment company (“RIC”) under Subchapter M of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”). As a result, MSCC generally does not pay corporate-level U.S. federal income taxes on any net ordinary taxable income or capital gains that it distributes to its stockholders.
MSCC has certain direct and indirect wholly-owned subsidiaries that have elected to be taxable entities (the “Taxable Subsidiaries”). The primary purpose of the Taxable Subsidiaries is to permit MSCC to hold equity investments in portfolio companies which are “pass-through” entities for tax purposes. MSCC also has certain direct and indirect wholly-owned subsidiaries formed for financing purposes (the “Structured Subsidiaries”).
Unless otherwise noted or the context otherwise indicates, the terms “we,” “us,” “our,” the “Company” and “Main Street” refer to MSCC and its consolidated subsidiaries, which include the Funds, the Taxable Subsidiaries and the Structured Subsidiaries.
2.Basis of Presentation
Main Street’s consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”). The Company is an investment company following accounting and reporting guidance in Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 946, Financial Services—Investment Companies (“ASC 946”). For each of the periods presented herein, Main Street’s consolidated financial statements include the accounts of MSCC and its consolidated subsidiaries. The Investment
Portfolio, as used herein, refers to all of Main Street’s investments in LMM portfolio companies, investments in Private Loan portfolio companies, investments in Middle Market portfolio companies, Other Portfolio investments and the investment in the External Investment Manager (see Note C — Fair Value Hierarchy for Investments — Portfolio Composition — Investment Portfolio Composition for additional discussion of Main Street’s Investment Portfolio and definitions for the defined terms Private Loan and Other Portfolio). Main Street’s results of operations and cash flows for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 and financial position as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, are presented on a consolidated basis. The effects of all intercompany transactions between MSCC and its consolidated subsidiaries have been eliminated in consolidation.
Principles of Consolidation
Under ASC 946, Main Street is precluded from consolidating other entities in which Main Street has equity investments, including those in which it has a controlling interest, unless the other entity is another investment company. An exception to this general principle in ASC 946 occurs if Main Street holds a controlling interest in an operating company that provides all or substantially all of its services directly to Main Street or to its portfolio companies. Accordingly, as noted above, MSCC’s consolidated financial statements include the financial position and operating results for the Funds, the Taxable Subsidiaries and the Structured Subsidiaries. Main Street has determined that none of its portfolio investments qualify for this exception, including the investment in the External Investment Manager. Therefore, Main Street’s Investment Portfolio is carried on the Consolidated Balance Sheets at fair value, as discussed further in Note B.1. — Summary of Significant Accounting Policies — Valuation of the Investment Portfolio, with any adjustments to fair value recognized as “Net Unrealized Appreciation (Depreciation)” until the investment is realized, usually upon exit, resulting in any gain or loss being recognized as a “Net Realized Gain (Loss)”, in both cases on the Consolidated Statements of Operations.
Portfolio Investment Classification
Main Street classifies its Investment Portfolio in accordance with the requirements of the 1940 Act. Under the 1940 Act, (a) “Control Investments” are defined as investments in which Main Street owns more than 25% of the voting securities or has rights to maintain greater than 50% of the board representation, (b) “Affiliate Investments” are defined as investments in which Main Street owns between 5% and 25% (inclusive) of the voting securities and does not have rights to maintain greater than 50% of the board representation and (c) “Non-Control/Non-Affiliate Investments” are defined as investments that are neither Control Investments nor Affiliate Investments. For purposes of determining the classification of its Investment Portfolio, Main Street has excluded consideration of any voting securities or board appointment rights held by third-party investment funds advised by the External Investment Manager.
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